{"id":5116,"date":"2021-02-01T13:05:18","date_gmt":"2021-02-01T11:05:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/?p=5116"},"modified":"2023-07-18T16:15:13","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T14:15:13","slug":"non-destructive-material-testing-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/roncsolasmentes-anyagvizsgalati-modszerek\/","title":{"rendered":"Non-destructive material testing methods - 4 cutting-edge technological innovations"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5116\" class=\"elementor elementor-5116\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46986ccc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46986ccc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52f177b5\" data-id=\"52f177b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57d71343 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57d71343\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerekhez kapcsol&oacute;d&oacute; eszk&ouml;zrendszerek komoly fejl&#337;d&eacute;sen mentek kereszt&uuml;l az elm&uacute;lt &eacute;vtizedekben. Ugyanaz az exponenci&aacute;lis fejl&#337;d&eacute;s tapasztalhat&oacute; a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek ter&uuml;let&eacute;n, ami a t&ouml;bbi tudom&aacute;ny&aacute;gban is fel &uuml;t&ouml;tte a fej&eacute;t: k&uuml;l&ouml;n&ouml;sen az orvostudom&aacute;ny, a sz&aacute;m&iacute;t&aacute;stechnika &eacute;s a hadiipar j&aacute;r az &eacute;len, de az ott kifejlesztett technol&oacute;giai v&iacute;vm&aacute;nyok lesz&#369;r&#337;dnek m&aacute;s alkalmaz&aacute;si ter&uuml;letekre, m&eacute;g ha kiss&eacute; megk&eacute;sve is.<\/p><p>&Iacute;r&aacute;sunk c&eacute;lja egy olyan perspekt&iacute;v&aacute;b&oacute;l bemutatni a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszereket, ami betekint&eacute;st ny&uacute;jt a tudom&aacute;ny &eacute;lvonal&aacute;ba. Ezek a tudom&aacute;nyos vil&aacute;got m&eacute;lys&eacute;geiben &aacute;tmozgat&oacute; technol&oacute;giai &uacute;j&iacute;t&aacute;sok &aacute;t&iacute;rj&aacute;k a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek eddig megszokott alkalmaz&aacute;si ter&uuml;leteit, eszk&ouml;zrendszer&eacute;t, &eacute;s ez&aacute;ltal az eg&eacute;sz munkafolyamatot. Az exponenci&aacute;lis fejl&#337;d&eacute;s g&ouml;rb&eacute;je egyre meredekebb &eacute;s meg&aacute;ll&iacute;thatatlanul menetel&uuml;nk a sz&eacute;d&iacute;t&#337; magass&aacute;gok fel&eacute;.<\/p><h3><b>Az inform&aacute;ci&oacute; &eacute;s az anyag &ndash; Ipar 4.0<\/b><\/h3><div><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/div><p class=\"translation-block\">We are living in the age of the fourth industrial revolution, where the pace of development is shifting into turbo gear. The first and second industrial revolutions replaced muscle power with machine power, while the third and the subsequent Industry 4.0, which is now unfolding, is slowly replacing human mental power with artificial intelligence. The automation of manufacturing has gone from initial mechanisation to the emergence of so-called<a href=\"https:\/\/quattroplast.hu\/muanyagipariszemle\/2016\/02\/egy-uj-ipari-korszak-az-ipar-40-kuszoben-15.pdf\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">cyber-physical manufacturing systems<\/a>. This allowed different systems to communicate with other facilities and to communicate information about themselves. Non-destructive material testing methods are also adapting to new manufacturing processes.<\/p><p>A roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek c&eacute;lja, hogy kinyerj&eacute;k a vizsg&aacute;lati darabb&oacute;l, &eacute;s annak anyag&aacute;b&oacute;l az inform&aacute;ci&oacute;t. A r&ouml;ntgensug&aacute;rz&aacute;s, ultrahang vagy a megfestett folyad&eacute;k &aacute;thatol az anyagszerkezet&eacute;n, ami ez&aacute;ltal h&iacute;rt ad mag&aacute;r&oacute;l. Az, hogy ennek az inform&aacute;ci&oacute;nak a kinyer&eacute;se milyen pontoss&aacute;ggal, milyen gyorsas&aacute;ggal, milyen k&ouml;lts&eacute;gvonzattal t&ouml;rt&eacute;nik, azt a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek saj&aacute;toss&aacute;gai &eacute;s a hozz&aacute;juk kapcsol&oacute;d&oacute; eszk&ouml;zrendszer hat&eacute;konys&aacute;ga hat&aacute;rozza meg.<\/p><p>A k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;z&#337; roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek &ouml;sszehasonl&iacute;t&aacute;sa seg&iacute;t a megfelel&#337; elj&aacute;r&aacute;s kiv&aacute;laszt&aacute;s&aacute;hoz, ugyanis nincs univerz&aacute;lis anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszer a tudom&aacute;ny jelenlegi &aacute;ll&aacute;sa szerint.<\/p><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5128 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vizsgalati_modszerek-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"non-destructive material testing methods\" width=\"1046\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vizsgalati_modszerek-scaled.jpg 1046w, https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vizsgalati_modszerek-123x300.jpg 123w, https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vizsgalati_modszerek-418x1024.jpg 418w, https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vizsgalati_modszerek-768x1880.jpg 768w, https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vizsgalati_modszerek-627x1536.jpg 627w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1046px) 100vw, 1046px\"\/><\/p><p>Az egyes roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek hat&eacute;konys&aacute;ga bizonyos felt&eacute;telekhez k&ouml;t&ouml;ttek:<\/p><ul><li class=\"translation-block\"><b>the timeliness of the test<\/b>: conventional X-ray material testing is not adequate for rapid results<\/li><li class=\"translation-block\"><b>accessibility of the test site<\/b>: the challenges of extreme locations pose serious difficulties for non-destructive material testers<\/li><li><b>az adott elj&aacute;r&aacute;s megb&iacute;zhat&oacute;s&aacute;ga vagy korl&aacute;tozotts&aacute;ga<\/b>: a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek kiv&aacute;laszt&aacute;s&aacute;n&aacute;l fontos szempont, hogy milyen hat&eacute;konys&aacute;ggal alkalmazhat&oacute;ak az adott feladat f&uuml;ggv&eacute;ny&eacute;ben<\/li><li class=\"translation-block\"><b>finally, the qualification and experience of the materials tester<\/b>: performing certain test tasks and procedures and evaluating test results requires a high level of qualification.<\/li><\/ul><p>Ugyanakkor ezeket a felt&eacute;teleket &eacute;s vizsg&aacute;lati kih&iacute;v&aacute;sokat sorra &iacute;rja &aacute;t a tudom&aacute;nyos fejl&#337;d&eacute;s. A k&ouml;vetkez&#337;ben bemutatunk n&eacute;gy p&eacute;ld&aacute;t az &eacute;lvonalb&oacute;l, ami bizony&iacute;tja, hogy forradalmi korban &eacute;l&uuml;nk.<\/p><h3><b>Digit&aacute;lis k&eacute;palkot&aacute;s &eacute;s az egyidej&#369;s&eacute;g<\/b><\/h3><div><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/div><p>A digit&aacute;lis k&eacute;palkot&aacute;s sz&aacute;mos alkalmaz&aacute;si ter&uuml;letet gyarmatos&iacute;tott, a fotogr&aacute;fi&aacute;ban pedig szinte teljesen kiirtotta az anal&oacute;g felv&eacute;telez&eacute;si m&oacute;dot. A roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek ter&eacute;n is komoly v&aacute;ltoz&aacute;sokat hozott, az ultrahangos anyagvizsg&aacute;lat ter&eacute;n kiemelten, de az elm&uacute;lt 5-10 &eacute;vben a radiogr&aacute;fi&aacute;ban is &ndash; annyira, hogy teljesen &uacute;j vizsg&aacute;lati feladatok ell&aacute;t&aacute;s&aacute;ra is alkalmass&aacute; v&aacute;lt a radiogr&aacute;fia, amely kor&aacute;bban lehetetlen volt a hagyom&aacute;nyos, filmre k&eacute;sz&uuml;lt r&ouml;ntgenfelv&eacute;tellel. B&aacute;r m&eacute;g mindig haszn&aacute;latos bizonyos vizsg&aacute;lati helyzetekben, rendk&iacute;v&uuml;l id&#337;ig&eacute;nyes a filmek el&#337;h&iacute;v&aacute;sa, azoknak t&aacute;rol&aacute;sa, archiv&aacute;l&aacute;sa pedig nem illeszkedik a jelenlegi felgyorsult temp&oacute;hoz, ahol azonnali digitaliz&aacute;ci&oacute;ra, &eacute;s a vizsg&aacute;lattal szinte egyidej&#369; ki&eacute;rt&eacute;kel&eacute;sre van sz&uuml;ks&eacute;g &ndash; erre ad lehet&#337;s&eacute;get a digit&aacute;lis radiogr&aacute;fia fejlett k&eacute;palkot&oacute; rendszere, a DDA, vagyis a direct digital array.<\/p><p>Ahogy benne is van a nev&eacute;ben direkt, k&ouml;zvetlen k&eacute;palkot&aacute;sra k&eacute;pes, ez&aacute;ltal lehet&#337;v&eacute; teszi a vizsg&aacute;lt darab primer digitaliz&aacute;ci&oacute;j&aacute;t, az &eacute;rz&eacute;keny flat panel seg&iacute;ts&eacute;g&eacute;vel, ami k&eacute;pes az anyagon &aacute;thatol&oacute; sug&aacute;rforr&aacute;st azonnal digit&aacute;lis k&eacute;pp&eacute; alak&iacute;tani, &iacute;gy az anyagvizsg&aacute;l&oacute; m&aacute;r a helysz&iacute;nen ki&eacute;rt&eacute;kelheti az eredm&eacute;nyt. K&uuml;l&ouml;n&ouml;sen aut&oacute;ipari besz&aacute;ll&iacute;t&oacute;k eset&eacute;ben nagy el&#337;ny, ugyanis t&ouml;bb ezer term&eacute;k selejtkeres&#337; OK\/NOK vizsg&aacute;lat&aacute;ban, a DDA a leghat&eacute;konyabb megold&aacute;s.<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">One limiting factor of DDA is that, due to its rigid panel, it is not the most ideal choice for inspecting cylindrical bodies such as tubular seams, but at the cutting edge of science, although still mainly for medical applications, experiments are being conducted with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexenable.com\/blog\/the-future-of-x-ray-technology\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> thin, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexenable.com\/blog\/the-future-of-x-ray-technology\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">bendable, thin panels that organically conform to the shape of the specimen<\/a>.<\/p><h3><b>Dr&oacute;nok haszn&aacute;lata extr&eacute;m helysz&iacute;neken<\/b><\/h3><div><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/div><p>A roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek kiv&aacute;laszt&aacute;s&aacute;n&aacute;l sarkalatos pont a vizsg&aacute;lati helysz&iacute;n hozz&aacute;f&eacute;rhet&#337;s&eacute;ge. A nagy magass&aacute;gokb&oacute;l &eacute;s hozz&aacute;f&eacute;rhetetlen vagy az emberi &eacute;letre vesz&eacute;lyes helyekb&#337;l ad&oacute;d&oacute; kih&iacute;v&aacute;sokat ugyanakkor, ahogy t&ouml;bb alkalmaz&aacute;si ter&uuml;leten, &iacute;gy a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek eset&eacute;ben is &aacute;t&iacute;rj&aacute;k a dr&oacute;nok.<\/p><p>Az ultrahangos vizsg&aacute;latok &eacute;s a vizu&aacute;lis vagy szemrev&eacute;telez&eacute;ses elj&aacute;r&aacute;sok dr&oacute;nnal t&ouml;rt&eacute;n&#337; v&eacute;grehajt&aacute;s&aacute;ra ny&uacute;jt lehet&#337;s&eacute;get a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.terra-drone.net\/global\/2019\/07\/03\/terra-drone-ronik-inspectioneering-confined-space-inspection-oil-gas-industry-ndt-inspection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Terra Drone<\/a>, holland robotikai c&eacute;g, amely els&#337;sorban eur&oacute;pai olaj- &eacute;s &eacute;lelmiszeripari c&eacute;gek roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;latainak a seg&iacute;ts&eacute;g&eacute;re szolg&aacute;l. A c&eacute;g 2019-ben a Drone Hero Contest, innov&aacute;ci&oacute;s versenyt is megnyerte.<\/p><p>K&uuml;l&ouml;n&ouml;sen az ultrahangos anyagvastags&aacute;g m&eacute;r&eacute;sben (pl. tart&aacute;lyok falvastags&aacute;ga) jelent kiemelked&#337; el&#337;nyt az innov&aacute;ci&oacute;. A fejleszt&eacute;snek k&ouml;sz&ouml;nhet&#337;en elker&uuml;lhet&#337;, hogy vesz&eacute;lyes helyekre kelljen embert k&uuml;ldeni, r&aacute;ad&aacute;sul az innov&aacute;ci&oacute; a vizsg&aacute;latra sz&aacute;nt id&#337;t is nagyban cs&ouml;kkenti: 60-r&oacute;l 40%-ra.&nbsp;<\/p><h3><b>Ultrahangos anyagvizsg&aacute;lat &uacute;jragondolva<\/b><\/h3><div><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/div><p>Az ultrahangnak t&ouml;bb fajt&aacute;ja van, amelyre r&aacute;&eacute;p&uuml;lnek a k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;z&#337; eszk&ouml;zrendszerek, egy &uacute;j hibrid technol&oacute;gia, az EMAT (Electro-Magnetic Acoustic Transducer) vagyis az elektrom&aacute;gneses akusztikus jel&aacute;talak&iacute;t&oacute; pedig &uacute;j horizontokat t&aacute;rt fel a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek alkalmaz&aacute;si ter&uuml;letein, k&uuml;l&ouml;n&ouml;sen az aut&oacute;ipari hegesztett alkatr&eacute;szek gyors &eacute;s k&ouml;lts&eacute;ghat&eacute;kony anyagvizsg&aacute;lata eset&eacute;ben, de sz&aacute;mos m&aacute;s ipar&aacute;g is megtal&aacute;lta hat&eacute;kony alkalmaz&aacute;s&aacute;t, mint p&eacute;ld&aacute;ul az els&#337;dleges f&eacute;mgy&aacute;rt&aacute;s &eacute;s f&eacute;mfeldolgoz&aacute;s, vas&uacute;t- &eacute;s cs&#337;vezet&eacute;k ipar, illetve a kaz&aacute;n- &eacute;s nyom&aacute;start&oacute; ed&eacute;ny ipar.<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">Its principle of operation is based on electromagnetic mechanisms, so that direct contact with the surface of the material is not necessary to perform the test. EMAT has all the advantages of ultrasonic material testing. More information about the principle of operation<a href=\"https:\/\/hu.qaz.wiki\/wiki\/Electromagnetic_acoustic_transducer\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> can be found here<\/a>.<\/p><h3><b>Deep learning &ndash; helyettes&iacute;thet&#337;-e az ember?<\/b><\/h3><div><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/div><p>A modern civiliz&aacute;ci&oacute; nagy k&eacute;rd&eacute;se, hogy elj&ouml;n-e azaz id&#337;, amikor &ouml;nm&#369;k&ouml;d&#337; g&eacute;pek az emberi intelligenci&aacute;t fel&uuml;lm&uacute;lva sz&uuml;ks&eacute;gtelenn&eacute; tesznek olyan szakm&aacute;kat, mint a roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;l&oacute;. Az ipari forradalmak sor&aacute;n az ember fizikai erej&eacute;t &aacute;tvett&eacute;k a g&eacute;pek &eacute;s lassan az emberi intelligencia is hasonl&oacute; sorsra jut, figyelve a jelenlegi fejleszt&eacute;seket a mesters&eacute;ges intelligencia &eacute;lvonal&aacute;ban, a deep learning ter&eacute;n.<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">The acronym YOLO takes on a new meaning for non-destructive material testing methods: it stands for a deep learning algorithm, which stands for You Only Look Once. For non-destructive testing of railway elements,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch? v=qZkWvCNbpZM\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> for finding weld defects<\/a>, and for real-time detection of surface cracks in concrete structures: YOLO is one of the most sophisticated algorithms for object detection, machine vision, you only have to run the object through its network once, because unlike previous algorithms, it detects and treats the image under inspection as a unit, hence its name: \"you only look once\". If this is how the evolution of machine vision is progressing, we are looking twice and innovation has already rewritten the role of the human factor in history.<\/p><h3><b>A roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerek hat&eacute;konys&aacute;ga<\/b><\/h3><div><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/div><p class=\"translation-block\">Innovation can contribute to cost and time efficiency and sustainable development if it is embedded in the way materials testers think, so that non-destructive testing methods are optimised for the specific testing task thanks to the innovative tools that go with them. This systems thinking deserves special mention, and <a href=\"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/index.php\/roncsolasmentes-anyagvizsgalat\/\" target=\"_self\">here<\/a> we have explored the relationship between innovation, efficiency and materials testers in more detail. Technological innovations are only truly effective when they are in capable hands. They need professional experience and human judgement. We have not yet been replaced by artificial intelligence...<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A roncsol&aacute;smentes anyagvizsg&aacute;lati m&oacute;dszerekhez kapcsol&oacute;d&oacute; eszk&ouml;zrendszerek komoly fejl&#337;d&eacute;sen mentek kereszt&uuml;l az elm&uacute;lt &eacute;vtizedekben.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5117,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[37],"class_list":["post-5116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikk","tag-roncsolasmentes-anyagvizsgalat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5116"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5116\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/controllabor.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}